Excursions

Policy

This policy sets out requirements for schools to plan for and safely undertake excursions, including camps and adventure activities.

Summary

• All excursions must be planned in accordance with the requirements outlined in this policy.
• Schools must also comply with the Excursion guidelines, on the Guidance tab.
• Specific activity guidelines have been developed for adventure activities. Schools must follow these specific activity guidelines, which require additional approval and risk management procedures.

Details

Excursions are an important part of the learning experiences of all students from Foundation to Year 12. Excursions can support quality curriculum delivery and can provide important social and emotional development opportunities for students that is often not available in the classroom. These might include teamwork, resilience and confidence-building through challenge, problem-solving, connecting with nature, creative and imaginative play and coordination and strength.

While the degree of planning involved will depend on the nature and likelihood of the risks involved, the conduct of any excursion or activity must take into account the following:

• the excursion’s educational purpose and contribution to the curriculum or other educational value
• department approval requirements for excursions and staff travel
• suitability of the venue and/or environment for the excursion
• informed consent from parents or carers
• adequate student information
• adequate student preparation and clear behaviour expectations
• importance of providing an inclusive excursion experience for all students, including students with disabilities and additional needs
• how school staff will meet their responsibilities under the Child Safe Standards
• requirements for any adventure activities
• assessment of excursion risks and appropriate risk minimisation strategies, including appropriate supervision arrangements
• maintenance of excursion records, including clear documentation of the planning process, in accordance with the department’s policy on management of school records – refer to Records Management — School Records.

Staff must enter the excursion details into the Student Activity Locator (staff login required) at least 3 weeks prior to the excursion date.

When planning an excursion, staff must consider emergency warnings provided through VicEmergency and weather conditions including fire danger ratings.

The Camps, Sports and Excursions Fund (CSEF) provides payments for eligible students to attend camps and excursions. Schools must advise eligible parents of this funding.

When planning and conducting excursions, schools must follow the mandatory Excursion Guidelines, on the Guidance tab.

Excursions e-learning module

From 15 December 2022 onwards, school staff with primary responsibility for organising a school camp and/or water-based excursion activity must have completed the mandatory excursions e-learning module. These staff are encouraged to complete the module annually.

Staff responsible for organising excursions of any other type are also encouraged to complete the module.

The module is located in eduPay.

The module aims to:

• increase awareness and understanding of the excursions policy and guidelines to ensure safety of students
• set out obligations for schools in managing excursions to ensure that they are aware of what steps they need to take
• establish awareness and understanding of the mandatory requirements for school excursions, including how to carry out risk assessments.

Definitions

Excursions
Excursions are activities organised by the school where the students:

• are taken out of the school grounds (for example, a camp, day excursion or school sports)
• undertake adventure activities, regardless of whether or not they occur outside the school grounds.

Camps
Camps are excursions involving at least 1 night's accommodation (including school sleep-overs on school grounds). There are 2 different classifications of camps:

• Base camps are camps that are undertaken at accredited residential camp sites or camping under shelters such as tents. Camping as an adventure activity has its own specific guidelines.
• Study camps are camps that often involve senior secondary students. There is a focus on study skills, team building, communication, time management and wellbeing.

Victorian government residential schools
Victorian government residential schools are government schools that deliver residential outdoor education for government primary and secondary school students state-wide. These schools are made up of the Residential Outdoor Schools Association (ROSA) network (commonly known as the ROSA schools) and the Alpine School (also known as the Victorian School for Student Leadership). Victorian government residential schools engage students to develop positive relationships with self, others and with outdoor environments through interaction with the natural world.

Adventure activities
Adventure activities are activities that involve greater than normal risk – there are additional mandatory guidelines associated with these activities.

Local excursions
Local excursions are excursions to locations within walking distance of the school and do not involve adventure activities.

Note: workplace learning and intercampus travel are not considered school excursions.

Related policies

• Amusement Rides, Attractions and Fireworks
• Decision Making Responsibilities for Students
• Duty of Care
• First Aid for Students and Staff
• Mosquito Risk Management
• Outdoor Education Schools
• Parent Payments
• PROTECT website
• Reporting and Managing School Incidents (including emergencies)
• Risk Management – Schools
• Travel
• Volunteers in Schools

Relevant legislation

• Children, Youth and Families Act 2005 (Vic)
• Education and Training Reform Act 2006 (Vic)
• Electronic Transactions Act 2000 (Vic)
• Family Law Act 1975 (Cth)

Excursion guidelines

These guidelines replace the previous Excursions and Adventure Activities Policy and the Safety Guidelines for Education Outdoors. The guidelines are mandatory and school staff must follow them in planning and conducting all excursions as defined in the Excursions Policy.

The guidelines contain the following chapters:

• Approvals
• Consent
• Student medical information
• Student Activity Locator
• Risk management planning
• Emergency or critical incident management
• Staffing – roles and responsibilities
• Supervision
• Student preparation and behaviour
• Liability, waivers and indemnities
• External providers
• First aid
• Venue selection
• Weather
• Transport
• Communications
• Identification
• Overseas travel
• Adventure activities, including guidelines on the following activities:
  • Abseiling
  • Artificial climbing and abseiling walls
  • Bushwalking
  • Camping
  • Canoeing/kayaking
  • Challenge ropes courses
  • Cycling (including Bicycle Education)
  • Horse riding
  • Orienteering
  • Rafting
  • Rock climbing
  • Sailing
  • Scuba diving
  • Sea kayaking
  • Snorkelling
  • Snow Sports
  • Surfing and stand-up paddle boarding
  • Swimming and water-based activities (including instructional swimming)
  • Water skiing
  • Windsurfing

Approvals

All excursions must be approved by the principal.

For local and day excursions, the school determines the process for obtaining principal approval.

For excursions that include an overnight component, adventure activities, interstate, overseas or travel by air or water, a completed Excursions – principal approval form (DOCX) must be submitted to the principal. This principal approval form includes detailed information that may be needed in an emergency such as:

• the exact location of the excursion participants at all times, including during travel
• the relevant contact number/s through which excursion staff may be reached in an emergency
• the names and family contact details for all students and staff.

Additional to the principal approval form, the following documentation must be submitted to the principal:

• copies of the parental consent and medical advice forms of students
• a copy of the risk register including emergency management plan.

This documentation must be approved by the principal prior to the excursion starting.

To support planning and to ensure all staff have met their responsibilities, use the Camps, excursions, swimming and/or water-based activity checklist (DOCX). This checklist assists schools to prepare for an excursion in line with the department’s Excursions Policy and Guidelines and must be completed for all day and overnight excursions (Part A). Schools are required to complete the Swimming and water-based activity checklist (Part B) for all swimming activities, including instructional swimming, life-saving programs and recreational swimming at a pool, inland waterway, enclosed waterways and coastal waterways. The principal must review the Camps, excursions, swimming and/or water-based activity checklists and confirm all relevant items have been completed.

The principal is responsible for the approval of the operational requirements, including the risk register, for all excursions.

School council approves the excursion in so far as it relates to the school’s budget, the parent payments policy or entering into any contract or other such agreement with a third party, as these aspects of excursions fall within the scope of school council powers and functions. If appropriate, principals can consult with school council on other aspects of excursions.

Joint-school activities

Where there is a joint activity involving another school, the above requirements apply to both schools.

The nominated coordinating principal or teacher ensures:

• planning and approval requirements are met
• parents/carers are informed that their children may be supervised by teachers and other approved adults from the other school.

Note: All schools involved in a joint excursion, must complete an online notification of school activity form in the Student Activity Locator.

Required approvals for staff

The regional director is responsible for approving all interstate and overseas travel for department-employed staff (including principals), accompanying students on excursions.

A school travel application form must be submitted online to the relevant travel approver for interstate and overseas travel for department-employed staff. See the department's Travel Policy and Travel Rules of Use – School-based Staff, for more information.

Cancellations or alterations

The principal approves cancellations or alterations to excursion arrangements.

Consent

Schools must obtain written or electronic consent from parents or carers for school excursions:

• for the financial costs of the excursion
• for any adventure activities that may be undertaken during the excursion
• to take the student out of the school environment for a day excursion
• to have the student in its care after normal school hours on an overnight excursion
• to enable the parent or carer to alert the school to any medical conditions or allergies.

Requirements for informed consent

Schools must:

• give parents or carers providing consent sufficient information about the excursion to enable them to make an informed decision
• tell the parent or carer:
  • the nature of the proposed activity/activities. It is important that parents/carers are aware of the activities that students will be participating in on the excursion, if these activities carry a degree of risk of harm, such as swimming, bike riding or any other adventure activities
  • the educational purpose of the activity
  • the location of the activity and any restrictions or barriers to accessing this location
  • the type of transport being utilised if applicable
  • if the excursion will not be supervised by school staff. For example, where the principal has approved a small group of senior secondary age students to participate in an excursion without staff supervision – refer to Supervision
  • that students may be sent home from an excursion in the event of illness or serious misbehaviour and any costs relating to the student's return will be the parent or carer's responsibility
  • the principal may need to cancel or alter excursions arrangements at short notice, which may lead to inconvenience or financial losses to parents. This would be required to ensure the safety of students and/or due to circumstances beyond the control of the school.
  • other information deemed relevant by the school
• keep records of the consent documentation at the school.

Schools may use the Template parent excursion consent form (DOCX).

Consent for local excursions

Excursions may be considered 'local excursions' if the location is within walking distance of the school and does not involve adventure activities.

If schools intend to take students off school grounds within walking distance to engage in educational activities within the local area, schools may seek consent for these local excursions on an annual basis, for example, at the beginning of each school year (or upon enrolment if a student enrols during the school year). Schools may use the Template local excursions annual consent form (DOCX) (staff login required).

Once annual consent is obtained, schools are not required to obtain further consent before the local excursion. However, parents and carers must be informed about the local excursion closer to the date of the event. For example, parents/carers can be notified by email or other appropriate communication channel the week before (or earlier) if students are leaving the school grounds to visit a location nearby, so that parents have an opportunity to inform staff of any medical or other issues that may be relevant to the local excursion. Schools may use the Template local excursion notification form (DOCX) (staff login required), also available on the Resources tab.

For local excursions that occur on a recurring basis, schools can notify parents/carers once of the frequency and location of the activity, at the commencement of the recurring event. For example, it is sufficient to notify parents/carers at the beginning of the year only that students will be walking to the local oval every week for a recurring sports activity.

Electronic consent requirements

Electronic consent can include:

• the use of a username and password to verify the acceptance of terms or consent
• a digitally encrypted image of a person’s handwritten signature (i.e. a pin or password would be required before the signature can be inserted into a document)
• email correspondence
• online scripts and pop-ups requiring ‘tick the box’ and ‘accept’
• SMS.

For electronic consent to be valid, schools must have a process to ensure that:

• it is the parent or carer providing the consent (for example, requiring identification such as a password) and
• the parent or carer intends to provide their consent.

Student medical information

Schools must provide parents or carers with the opportunity to vary any medical information previously given to the school before any excursion.

Medical information forms

A medical information form must be completed by parents or carers before any day excursion involving an adventure activity. A medical information form is not required for local excursions or day excursions not involving adventure activities.

It is recommended that schools use the department’s Medical information form – day excursions involving adventure activities (DOCX) for this purpose.

The department’s Medical information form – camps and overseas excursions (DOCX) must be completed by parents or carers before any camp or overseas excursion.

Schools may use third-party software such as Compass to obtain and record medical information in place of the hardcopy medical information form. Schools must ensure that all required information is collected, for example, by comparing the information requested through Compass against the medical information forms.

Schools must:

• ensure that the teacher-in-charge has immediate access to either hard copy or electronic versions of the medical information forms on the excursion
• ensure these forms are available to other excursion staff in emergency situations
• keep copies of the forms at the school.

Schools may require additional medical information depending on the nature of the activities undertaken.

Student Activity Locator

To ensure accurate information is available for emergency services, all Victorian government schools must use the Student Activity Locator (staff login required) to notify the department of any approved school excursion or camp, at least three weeks beforehand.

Non-government schools are also able to access the Student Activity Locator to register camps and excursions. Non-government schools should log on using their 'NG' user id.

A user guide has been developed to help schools complete the online form, refer to: Student Activity Locator User Guide (PDF) (staff login required).

Risk management planning

Schools must assess risk for all excursions (including local excursions) and identify measures to reduce reasonably foreseeable risk to students wherever possible. The type and level of risk, and possible consequences, will differ depending on a range of factors including the location/environment, people, and equipment.

The type of excursion will determine the type of risk assessment required.

When planning for the engagement of a third-party operator to operate amusement rides, attractions or fireworks at non-public (that is, enrolled students only) events on non-school sites, schools must also follow the Amusement Rides, Attractions and Fireworks Policy, which provides further risk management guidance.

Risk assessment process

The risk assessment will inform the planning of the event and help decide what resources, staff and equipment will be required. The assessment should cover the entire excursion including:

• all activities to be undertaken
• excursion location or venue (including environment)
• people (student behaviour, student/teacher safety or illness or other specific needs)
• equipment
• transportation (for example, public transport cancellations, travelling in hazardous areas, student behaviour, travel sickness).

Where appropriate, the risk assessment should also address:

• risk to intended educational objectives
• any significant financial risks to the school and/or parents (for example if an excursion needs to be cancelled)
• the risk that the general community might lose confidence or trust in the school or the department if a reasonably foreseeable risk is not identified or if insufficient steps are taken to minimise that risk and this results in injury, loss or damage.

The risk assessment must be completed during the planning of the excursion, reviewed before the commencement of the excursion and where appropriate or required, during the excursion.

Responsibilities and processes for treating risks must be communicated to all excursion staff before departing on the excursion.

Risk assessment for local excursions (not including adventure activities)

For local excursions (not including adventure activities), schools must assess and document their risk assessment. Local excursions are excursions to locations within walking distance of the school and do not involve adventure activities. Note: workplace learning and intercampus travel are not considered school excursions.

Documenting risk is important for a number of reasons, including because:

• it provides staff with a clear record of risks identified and measures put in place
• it assists with identifying any possible gaps in their risk assessment that need to be addressed
• it is a useful way of communicating risk-related roles and responsibilities
• it can become important evidence if someone is injured during the excursion and the school’s actions regarding risk planning and management are reviewed.

Schools must complete a template Risk assessment for local excursions template (DOCX) (staff login required). This is evidence of consideration of the risks that may be encountered while on local excursions (that do not involve adventure activities).

Alternatively, schools may wish to use the same risk register as required for all other excursions.

All other excursions

For any of the following:

• day excursions
• overnight stays
• interstate travel
• overseas travel
• adventure activities
• travel via water or air
• weekends or school holidays

a risk register assessing risks across the entire excursion must be completed and submitted to the principal when seeking approval for the excursion (refer to Excursions risk register and emergency management plan template (DOCX)).

All risks need to be evaluated using the department’s risk rating matrix. Risks rated:

• low or medium do not necessarily require further treatments and are considered acceptable – these risks should be reviewed periodically.
• high or extreme will require further treatment to reduce their level of risk to a more acceptable level.

If planning a camp that involves multiple adventure activities, a risk assessment must be conducted for each adventure activity. Schools may choose to place all risks associated with each activity on the one camp risk register or complete a risk register for each activity.

Consultation with external providers

Schools should consider whether to consult with external providers during the preparation of the excursion risk register. Schools should also consider whether using an accredited provider and/or appropriately trained staff to lead activities (such as adventure activities) is sufficient mitigation for some activity specific risks. If so, the excursion risk register should not focus on treating risks relating to technical aspects of an activity (for example, ropes or harnesses used in abseiling). Instead, these risks should be identified and include ‘the use of external provider’ as a control.

Sample risk registers for excursions, camps, overseas travel and specific adventure activities can be found on the Resources tab.

For further information on risk management more generally, refer to the department’s policy Risk Management – Schools.

Emergency or critical incident management

Excursions must have an emergency management plan when they involve:

• overnight stays
• interstate travel
• overseas travel
• adventure activities
• travel via sea or air
• weekends or school holidays.

Refer to: Excursions risk register and emergency management plan template (DOCX). Risk registers for specific adventure activities must be completed and tailored to the activity.

A school’s excursion emergency management plan must have clearly written emergency response procedures that:

• address the consequences (rated moderate or above) of all risks identified in the risk register
• are understood by those involved in the program (this may, where appropriate, include a trial evacuation exercise carried out at the venue to ensure that procedures are appropriate and staff and students are familiar with them)
• include
  • rescue, resuscitation and first aid procedures
  • how to contact a doctor, ambulance or emergency service
  • how to maintain situational awareness at all times (for example, weather forecasts for outdoors activities)
  • the effects of an emergency on student supervision in the event of excursion staff being required to assist injured students or to go for help
  • support for students who may have difficulty communicating in an emergency because of age or disability and ways to manage any specific risks to these students in an emergency
• cover arrangements if the excursion needs to be cancelled, recalled or altered (for example, due to forecast severe weather conditions, changes to Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade travel advice or an emergency). This should include arrangements for communicating with parents/carers
• where relevant, are consistent with the procedures used by venue owners, managers or rescue and life-saving patrols.

The teacher in direct control of the group is responsible for implementation of the procedures, which may include the involvement of others who have more experience in dealing with emergencies.

To support the development of the emergency management plan, schools should view the Sample emergency responses procedures (DOCX), which outlines key actions in a variety of emergency situations (such as bushfire, flood, hypothermia, hyperthermia).

In the event of an emergency, accident or injury:

• staff on the excursion should:
  • take emergency action to establish safety as per the emergency management plan
  • immediately notify the school principal or designated school contact
• the principal or designated school contact:
  • should make arrangements for the incident to be recorded by calling the department’s Incident Support and Operations Centre (ISOC) on 1800 126 126 (24 hours)
  • may obtain further information, such as statements from witnesses, where required to provide appropriate support to affected students or to properly document the incident and retain these on file. Any such documents should be managed in accordance with the Schools' privacy policy
  • must ensure that details of accidents or incidents are recorded on the injury management system on CASES21.

For further information refer to: Reporting and Managing School Incidents (Including Emergencies).

Staffing – roles and responsibilities

Excursion staff are adults who provide the supervisory, instructional and educational elements of the activity.

A teacher registered with the Victorian Institute of Teaching and either employed by the department or school council or approved by the principal must be present and have overall responsibility for the activity, unless other arrangements have been approved by the principal in accordance with the section on Supervision in this guidance.

Excursion staff must be approved by the principal and may include:

• teachers employed by the department or school council
• other adults on a volunteer or paid basis such as:
  • parents or carers
  • education support class officers
  • community members
  • trainee teachers
  • campsite staff
  • specialist instructors for excursion activities.

School students cannot be used as excursion staff.

Schools must ensure that excursion staff comply with department or the school’s own policy in relation to the Child Safe Standards and having a Working with Children Check.

The names of volunteer workers must be recorded for the purposes of volunteer workers insurance. For more information, refer to: Volunteers in Schools.

Where approved excursion staff who are not teachers employed by the department or school council are in attendance they can be included in the staff-student supervision ratio:

• for the duration of a specific activity for which they have a designated supervisory responsibility or
• for the overall staff-student supervision ratio for the program, where they are on duty and available on the same basis as other staff (usually a 24 hour basis), for example third party providers such as residential camp staff, World Challenge staff.

The specific roles and responsibilities of each staff member (teachers, instructors, campsite staff, volunteers and so on) must be clarified and understood by all staff prior to the commencement of the excursion.

School staff

School staff participating in an excursion should:

• understand the purpose of the program and its connection to student learning
• be aware of their supervisory responsibilities throughout the excursion
• know which member of staff will provide first aid if required
• know the exact location of students they are responsible for at all times including during travel.

In addition, the nominated teacher-in-charge must:

• submit, 3 weeks prior to the excursion, a notification of school activity using the Student Activity Locator (staff login required)
• ensure risk assessments have been completed and treatments are communicated to all staff involved in the excursion and/or activity
• know the exact location of students at all times including during travel
• maintain a record of telephone contacts for the supervising staff accompanying the excursion
• know who the school contact person is and their phone number
• have immediate access to the names of family contacts for all students and staff on the excursion
• have immediate access to copies of medical advice forms for those students on the excursion
• maintain a copy of the completed Excursions – principal approval form (DOCX) (including all attachments) submitted to the principal for approval and school council for noting.

Note A: Supervisory responsibility of employees must be in line with the roles and responsibilities for that employee’s classification as set out in relevant industrial agreements. Refer to: Industrial Agreements.

Note B: From 15 December 2022 onwards, school staff with primary responsibility for organising a school camp and/or water-based excursion activity, must complete the mandatory excursions e-learning module, before commencing planning. These staff are encouraged to complete the module annually. Staff responsible for organising excursions of any other type are also encouraged to complete the module. The module is located at eduPay.

Specialist staff

Schools must:

• ensure that where specialist instructors are employed they:
  • have the necessary skills or qualifications for the activity
  • have appropriate experience for the age and skill level of the students
  • hold appropriate public liability insurance
• while specialist instructors have the technical knowledge and expertise to instruct the students, the teachers have overall responsibility for the safety and welfare of the students, even where the teachers do not directly provide the actual instruction.

Where not directly responsible for the instruction of the activity or assisting the instructor, the teacher responsible for the activity should understand the activity and the environment in which it will be conducted. This teacher must confer with the designated instructor about the supervisory role and establish areas of responsibility. If this teacher is not the designated instructor, they are to act on the advice of the designated instructor on technical safety issues.

Supervision

To ensure appropriate and effective levels of supervision, the risk assessment should take into account:

• experience, qualifications and skills of staff (including volunteers, instructors and so on)
• age, maturity, physical characteristics and gender of the students
• ability and experience of the students
• size of the student group
• nature and location of the excursion
• activities to be undertaken
• known or anticipated weather conditions
• requirements outlined in the information for specific Adventure activities
• emergency response planning
• any other relevant factors.

Minimum supervision requirements

This section outlines the department’s minimum requirements for staff-student ratios. When planning the staff-student ratios for an excursion, schools:

• may need to enhance these measures with additional staff or volunteers to ensure student and staff safety
• must take into account the likelihood of circumstances where a staff member may be unable to actively supervise the group (for example, staff illness, staff needing to support a particular student because of illness, behaviour and so on), and the time it will take for a replacement staff member to arrive at the excursion destination
• should apply the information in the chapter on Staffing – roles and responsibilities which sets out the range of adults that can be included in the excursion staff supervision ratios, including parent volunteers and specialist instructors
• should note the section below outlining the exceptions to the minimum supervision requirements
• should note the requirement that all excursions must be under the direct control of a member of teaching staff, unless an exception applies.

Except where otherwise indicated, all excursions and camps must have a minimum of 2 staff members.

Local excursions

Regular class teacher-student ratios with an additional accompanying staff member (as required)

Day excursions

1:20 staff-student ratio with a minimum of 2 staff

Overnight base camps

1:10 staff-student ratio with a minimum of 2 staff

Overnight study camps

1:15 staff-student ratio with a minimum of 2 staff

Victorian government residential schools

1:15 staff-student ratio with a minimum of 2 staff

Interstate travel

1:10 staff-student ratio with a minimum of 2 staff

Overseas travel

The following table indicates how staff numbers should be calculated, noting these ratios are the minimum required.

Adventure activities

Specific ratios for each activity, refer to Adventure activities

The excursion must:

• be under the direct control of a teacher employed by the department or the school council at all times, with at least one other excursion staff member present
• have enough teachers employed by the department or school council to maintain appropriate control of the excursion and of each activity, and to provide for the safety and wellbeing of participating students and staff
• have teachers comprising at least half of the excursion staff.

How to apply the ratios

A minimum of 2 staff must accompany students on all excursions, with additional staff as per the staff-student ratio requirement and risk management planning.

For example:

• if a day excursion involves 16 students, a minimum of 2 staff members must accompany the group
• if a day excursion involves 60 students, a minimum of 3 staff members must accompany the group. This meets both the 1:20 staff-student ratio and the requirement that a minimum of 2 staff accompany students on all excursions.

The need for further staff should be identified through appropriate risk management planning.

Mixed gender groups

When planning for overnight stays for mixed-gender groups on an excursion, schools are encouraged to select supervision staff that reflect the genders of students attending. At times it may not be possible to provide supervision reflecting the genders of students attending. When staffing arrangements are finalised, schools must ensure that parents/carers are informed of the names of staff who will be on duty as part of the camp supervision arrangements. Schools are encouraged to also include the names of volunteers who will be on duty as part of the camp supervision arrangements.

Excursions organised by one school for students from more than one school

For joint school activities involving small numbers of students from more than one Victorian government school, minimum supervision requirements can be assessed based on the total number of excursion staff present from each school, if approved by all relevant principals. For advice on which adults can be included in the supervision ratios as ‘excursion staff’ refer to the guidance chapter: Staffing – roles and responsibilities.

Exceptions to minimum supervision requirements

Excursions in the local area

For small group excursions in the local area, a teacher must be responsible for the excursion. However, with the approval of the principal, a small group can be supervised by one or more excursion staff employed by the department or school council who are not teachers (for example, education support class officers such as integration aides and teacher assistants).

Day excursions for senior secondary students

Schools can consider having less than the minimum supervision ratios for senior secondary students attending local or day excursions, only when student safety will not be compromised.

Consideration should be given to the age, number and individual needs of the students as well as any relevant factors relating to attending staff.

School Sport Victoria events

For events organised by School Sport Victoria involving small numbers of students from individual schools (for example, 1 to 5 students) such as individual competitors in district, division, region or state competitions, schools may consider allowing parents to be responsible for supervision to and from the event, and during the event when supervision is not managed by the event staff. In these circumstances, the school must:

• clearly communicate with the parents/carers of the students attending the event that no school staff will be attending the event and parents/carers must comply with directions from the event coordinators/event staff
• provide full event details to the parents/carers as provided to the school
• ensure parents/carers are aware that they are responsible for supervision arrangements for their children travelling to and from the events, and during the event, if applicable.

Individual students registered with State School Spectacular events

Where individual students have independently registered with the State School Spectacular with parental approval, need to attend rehearsals or performances at the event venue during school hours, and are not attending as part of a school group, the school must:

• clearly communicate to parents/carers of participating students that no school staff will be attending the event and parents/carers must comply with directions from the event coordinators/event staff
• provide full event details to the parents/carers as has been provided to the school
• ensure parents/carers are aware that they are responsible for supervision arrangements for their children travelling to and from the events, and during the event, if applicable.

Note: The involvement of students participating as part of a school group in State Schools Spectacular performances and rehearsals is considered a school excursion and minimum supervision requirements apply.

Unsupervised excursions

For unsupervised excursions:

• the excursion must be approved by the principal, only:
  • in a small number of instances
  • for secondary-aged students
  • for activities involving small groups of students
• the teacher-in-charge must maintain a formal record of:
  • a description of the activity, including locations
  • the names and ages of students involved
  • the time of leaving and returning to school.

The teacher responsible for the activity must ensure that students have appropriate methods of communication in the event of an emergency.

Transport to and from excursions

Schools can consider having less than the minimum supervision ratios when transporting students to and from the excursion venue.

Consideration should be given to:

• distance travelled
• type of transportation
• the age, number and individual needs of the students.

The decision to alter the supervision ratios for transportation to and from the venue should be documented in the risk assessment and controls enacted accordingly.

Student preparation and behaviour

Schools must ensure that:

• students are adequately prepared for excursions
• disciplinary measures for students on excursions are appropriate and consistent with the Student Engagement Guidance and the school’s student engagement policies
• reasonable adjustments are made for students with disabilities, including students with medical or health conditions that may have an impact on the student's ability to meet expected standards of behaviour
• preparation also includes supporting the mental health and wellbeing of students.

Student preparation

In preparation for excursions, and in addition to the information required in the consent documentation, schools should advise students and parents/carers of:

• organisational arrangements
• roles of each staff member supervising the activity or excursion
• risks involved in the activity or excursion
• relevant safety arrangements or emergency procedures (as appropriate)
• expected standards of behaviour
• prohibition of alcohol and smoking for all students on all school camps and excursions, and the consequences of non-compliance with this instruction (refer to: Alcohol and Other Drug Use – Students and Smoking Ban)
• that in extreme cases, students may be sent home from an excursion at the cost of the parents.

In some cases, students may require specific skills or training before going on excursions, particularly when undertaking adventure activities. Staff should utilise the Documentation of participant preparation, prerequisite skills/knowledge (DOCX) to assess students’ suitability to undertake the activity and what support they may need.

Returning a student home

In extreme cases the excursion staff, following consultation with and the approval of the school principal, may decide to return a student to their home from an excursion. Excursion staff should:

• advise the student’s parent or carer of the:
  • circumstance associated with the decision to send the student home
  • time and location for the parent or carer to collect their child from the excursion or the anticipated time that the student will arrive home
• consider the age and maturity of the student when making travelling arrangements.

Liability, waivers and indemnities

Duty of care

School staff owe students a duty of care to take reasonable steps to minimise the risk of reasonably foreseeable harm. The information in these mandatory excursion guidelines has been developed to support staff to take reasonable and appropriate steps to prevent and reduce risks to students, in accordance with their duty of care obligations. Excursion planning and conduct may be reviewed subsequently if there is injury or damage to property, and/or a legal claim related to the excursion.

For more general information on duty of care in schools, refer to Duty of Care.

Waivers of liability

Providers will frequently seek a ‘waiver and indemnity of liability’ as a condition of hire of a venue or participation in a planned activity.

• Schools must not agree to give a ‘waiver and indemnity’ where the provider seeks to absolve itself and its personnel from liability for negligence.
• Schools cannot, and must not, sign a ‘waiver and indemnity’ on behalf of a student nor permit a student to sign a ‘waiver and indemnity’.
• Schools must not ask parents and carers to sign a ‘waiver and indemnity’ on behalf of a student if the waiver and indemnity seeks to absolve the provider and its personnel from liability for negligence.

Schools must contact Legal Division for advice on any waivers and indemnities requested by providers:

• Phone: 03 9637 3146
• Email: legal.services@education.vic.gov.au

External providers

External providers may be engaged to deliver specific activities (such as adventure activities) or a whole program. They may provide expertise in a certain activity and can be a valuable addition to a program.

Clear and open communication undertaken well in advance of the planned program is the key to an effective and well-informed relationship between a school and an external provider.

Schools must be aware that school staff still have duty of care for the students, even when they are using external providers.

Before an external provider is selected to assist with the delivery of a program, the school should complete a thorough check to ensure that the provider is appropriate for the program and has experience working with groups of children and/or young people.

Prior to commencement of a program the school should ensure that the external provider has:

• a current public liability insurance certificate (minimum $10 million) provided by an Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) approved insurer
• demonstrated that staff have the correct qualifications and/or experience for their specific role/s. For information on required qualifications please refer to the specific adventure activity guidelines
• ensured that students are supervised by either a registered teacher or an approved staff member with a current Working with Children Clearance
• agreed with the school who has responsibilities for first aid, emergency communications and other specialist equipment
• agreed with the school who will be responsible for emergency procedures, and that these are well understood prior to the excursion taking place
• read the relevant sections of the department's adventure activity guidelines (if relevant) and understood their obligations under these guidelines.

With respect to arrangements between the school and third parties, principals should:

• carefully negotiate terms and conditions with third parties (for example, camp providers, specialist instructors, expedition providers) prior to accepting arrangements
• ensure school staff know who to report any concerns to
• provide relevant information about students to the external providers that they need to know in order to look after the students and reduce risk.

First aid

Excursion staff must have first aid and emergency response knowledge appropriate to the excursion location, the students involved and the activities undertaken by each group of students.

Staff must also have a first aid kit appropriate to the excursion location, the activities undertaken and the specific needs of participating students with health or medical conditions. Staff must also carefully document student first aid incidents and outcomes on eduSafe Plus or the school’s preferred third party platform.

The extent of the first aid training required by staff will be determined by:

• the environment in which the group will operate
• the remoteness of the location
• length of time the staff are required to provide patient support before definitive medical help arrives
• the resources available to support a patient in these conditions
• the known medical history of students and staff.

For excursions involving adventure activities or locations without readily accessible medical support, at least one member of staff responsible for each group of students must hold, as a minimum, a current first aid qualification and a current cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) qualification.

Under the Work Health and Safety Act 2010 and the Code of Practice from Safe Work Australia, all first aiders should hold nationally recognised Statement/s of Attainment issued by a Registered Training Organisation (RTO) for the relevant nationally endorsed unit/s of competency.

Three relevant first aid training courses for excursion staff include:

• Provide First Aid – Provides competencies required to recognise and respond to common life-threatening injuries or illnesses, including life-support using CPR, and to manage the casualty and incident until the arrival of medical or other assistance.
• Remote Area First Aid – Provides competencies advised for staff who will be on excursions which are more than an hour (by any means) from definitive care such as a hospital and where there is reliable vehicle access and communication options available.
• Wilderness First Aid – Provides competencies advised for staff who will be conducting excursions which are more than an hour (by any means) from definitive care such as a hospital, when access to the patient/s is difficult and and/or communication is unreliable. Wilderness first aid courses are also advised for staff who may be required to coordinate an emergency response or be required to care for a patient for an extended period of time prior to help arriving.

For more information about first aid, refer to: First Aid for Students and Staff.

Sun protection

Sun protection is required when the UV Index is above 3. Schools must ensure their Sun Protection policy applies to excursions.

For further information refer to Sun and UV Protection.

Further information on sun protection can be found at SunSmart.

Venue selection

Excursion venues must be assessed and selected on the basis of their safety and suitability for the activities proposed. This includes outdoor locations.

It is recommended that venues are selected based on the recent and first-hand knowledge (for example, through an inspection of the site) of at least one member of the planning and supervising staff. If a staff member plans to inspect a venue or location, either within or outside of normal school hours, prior approval should be sought from the principal.

Residential campsites

Residential campsites are usually campsites that have permanent facilities (such as cooking and eating facilities, beds and an amenities block) and adventure recreation options. This definition does not include caravan parks, hotels/motels, ski lodges or Victorian government residential schools.

Schools using residential campsites for overnight camping must use accredited campsites, to ensure these venues meet minimum criteria regarding safety and suitability.

A list of accredited camps can be found at:

• Australian Camps Association (ACA) – Find a camp
• the National Accommodation, Recreation and Tourism Accreditation Program (NARTA).

Information regarding camp and adventure activity accreditation is provided at the Quality Tourism Framework module: Camps and Adventure Accreditation.

Further information regarding Quality Tourism accreditation can be found at: Quality Tourism Australia.

Other venues

Other venues may include:

• overnight campsites and venues that only provide accommodation such as caravan parks, hotels/motels or ski lodges
• Victorian government residential schools (for example: Rubicon Outdoor Centre or Bogong Outdoor Education Centre)
• interstate camps or excursions
• overseas venues.

Criteria for assessing venues such as campsites or overnight accommodation venues should include:

• health and hygiene
• buildings and facilities
• activity equipment and the conduct of activities
• certification and qualifications of venue staff
• participant supervision provided
• risks posed by other users of the site
• emergency and risk management plans of venues
• fire precautions
• first aid facilities
• quality assurance and consumer protection
• relevant accreditations
• references from other schools.

Outdoor locations

Outdoor environments can be unfamiliar settings for students and can present hazards which may not be immediately obvious. Environmental factors must be considered when planning activities. Outdoor activities may be affected by, yet not limited to, environmental conditions such as surrounding landscape and vegetation, prevailing weather and micro climates.

Outdoor environments are extremely variable by nature. Conditions need to be planned for and monitored regularly in the lead up to, and during, the activity.

When preparing for outdoor activities, staff should consider ways to minimise the environmental impact of the activity.

Schools conducting excursions on land operated by Parks Victoria must complete an Education Group Activity form via ParkConnect at least one month before any visit. This will assist Parks Victoria to alert schools to any park closures, storm damage or management activities that may affect the visit, such as planned burns or pest animal programs.

To ensure safe conduct of the excursion, schools should consider whether there are any environmental factors, or access or permit requirements that they need to be aware of.

This information may be obtained from other relevant authorities such as:

• Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning
• Transport Safety Victoria ­— Maritime Safety
• VicEmergency
• VicForests
• local councils.

Factors to consider when assessing the suitability of outdoor locations should include:

• staff experience and qualifications required for the activity and location (including first aid)
• level of access to resources, services and facilities that may be needed, such as campsites, water, walking trails, toilets, shelter from extreme weather, or interpretive information
• level of access to communication equipment and networks for routine and emergency use
• evacuation points and routes including alternative routes in the event of an emergency
• external assistance available in the event of an emergency or extreme weather conditions. The more remote the location, the more self-contained and self-reliant the group must be. This must be taken into account in the planning of the activity
• potential exposure to environmental hazards and difficulties
• ability and fitness levels of students.

Weather and emergency warnings

Staff must check weather forecasts and emergency warnings for the location in the days leading up to the excursion and on the day the excursion commences. If the activity extends overnight, staff must access weather forecasts and warnings daily and monitor and assess the weather throughout, and be prepared to cancel, modify or relocate at any time if a severe weather warning is issued for the area.

Weather warning telephone services

The telephone numbers below may be useful to have available during the activity. Location specific numbers are also available and can be accessed at Bureau of Meteorology – Telephone Weather Services Directory.

• Coastal, Land Weather and Flood Warnings on 1300 659 217
• Full State Telephone Weather Service on 1900 955 363 (call charge applies)
• Coastal Waters Telephone Service on 1900 969 930 (call charge applies)
• Australian Tsunami Threat Information (1300 TSUNAMI) 1300 878 626
• VicEmergency Hotline (Includes bushfire information) 1800 226 226

Online services

Weather and warning forecasts should be obtained from the Bureau of Meteorology. Staff using mobile apps to obtain this information are responsible for checking the source of the apps data.

• Bureau of Meteorology and MetEye
• Marine and Ocean for coastal waters forecast and observations
• VicEmergency
• National Warnings Summary
• Victorian Weather and Warnings

Fire danger or ban

When planning excursions in bushfire prone areas or in areas surrounded by grassland, schools are advised to regularly monitor forecast fire danger ratings for that fire weather district.

On days of forecasted Catastrophic fire danger rating (FDR), all excursions in the fire weather district of the Catastrophic FDR forecast must be cancelled.

In the days leading up to activities in or around bushfire prone areas, schools must regularly check the forecast fire danger rating. If the forecast fire danger rating is identified as extreme, or a total fire ban has been declared, principals must reassess the excursion risk assessment and can seek advice from regional emergency management staff about whether the excursion should be cancelled. Please see the CFA website for information regarding fire bans and fire danger ratings. Additional information can be obtained by calling the VicEmergency Hotline on 1800 226 226.

If an excursion is not cancelled, alternative lower risk activities may be required, depending on the location.

Schools must ensure they consider the risk of bushfire or grassfire at the excursion location when conducting their risk assessment and developing their emergency management plan. Schools should be guided by the department's Bushfire and Grassfire Preparedness Policy.

Transport

The transportation of groups to and from activity locations must be carefully considered and planned, taking into account the following:

• If using public transport, transport authorities should be consulted on appropriate travel times, fares and at least a fortnight’s notice of travel provided to the relevant transport authority. Contact Public Transport Victoria (PTV) for further information.
• Groups of 12 or more can get a concession discount for travel on public transport with a Group Travel Authority, while Victorian preschool, kindergarten or primary school excursion groups of 12 to 35 people can travel for free during the school day and on weekends. For details refer to PTV group travel.
• Excursions that run late, failing to meet times agreed to with private bus operators, are likely to incur significant costs.
• Vehicles used to transport students must comply with VicRoads registration requirements.
• Drivers must comply with all licensing requirements.
• Occupational Health and Safety laws require employers and employees to take all reasonably practicable steps to manage driver fatigue.
• Equipment carried inside vehicles must be securely stowed and not create a risk of injury or damage. Equipment and luggage should be carried and secured as appropriate in trailers, roof racks or behind luggage barriers. VicRoads offers advice on load restraint at Securing your load.

In circumstances where a teacher or staff member is to drive a vehicle transporting students, particular care should be taken to ensure that they have adequate rest prior to driving. This is particularly important when the activity includes an overnight component.

For information on transporting students in private cars refer to: Private Vehicle Use.

For information on school owned buses and hired vehicles, refer to: Buses – Owned, Hired or Chartered by a School.

Communications

For excursions with an overnight component, parents or carers should be advised of the telephone numbers (both during and outside school hours) for the designated school contact person in the event of an emergency.

Arrangements for communicating with parents in the event of an emergency, cancellation or recall of the excursion must be made.

If conducting an activity in a remote location with limited access to technology and emergency services, a documented communication plan must be developed prior to the activity. This can be incorporated into the risk register. The plan must:

• be developed specifically for the location based on current information about the area and other relevant information such as mobile phone coverage maps
• enable staff to receive weather/fire danger forecasts, updates and warnings, communicate with the school, outside parties and engage support in the case of an incident or emergency
• identify equipment to be used, based on current communication technology and the location of the activity
• be clear to all staff involved in the program, including its limitations
• include a communication strategy for the group during the program that also enables communication with outside parties including the school and emergency services
• not rely on a single device.

The communication plan should enable staff to:

• receive weather forecasts, updates and warnings
• communicate with the school
• engage support in the case of an incident or emergency.

Principals should consider providing communication equipment that may be reliably used in emergencies (for example, for excursions to remote areas with little mobile coverage, satellite phones may be considered).

A sample template for developing the communications plan can be found on the Resources tab. This is one method for documenting the communications plan; schools may adapt the template or use another method which best suits the needs of the school or the excursion.

Identification

Easy identification of staff and students can be an important factor in the safe conduct of some excursions, including adventure activities.

Staff must determine the most suitable system/s of identification, based on the assessment of the environment, students’ skills, the type of activities to be undertaken and the age and number of students. Information on identification strategies is available in relevant specific adventure activities guidelines set out in the section on adventure activities.

General outdoors activities

Schools are encouraged to arrange for students to wear high visibility items such as vests or reflective items when bushwalking or cycling.

Water activities

Strategies to identify participants may include:

• high visibility rash tops
• skull caps
• wrist bands.

Overseas travel

As well as the requirements for all excursions (such as approvals, risk management planning, consent) there are additional steps when planning and conducting overseas excursions. When planning and conducting overseas excursions, schools are required to:

• at least 6 months before travel, submit a travel forecast (via the School Staff Travel Applications page) (staff login required)
• comply with DFAT travel advice
• ensure all parents or carers have completed the Medical information form – camps and overseas excursions (DOCX)
• ensure all participants have appropriate travel insurance
• ensure copies of appropriate documentation are available on the excursion and at the school
• ensure a School Staff Travel Application has been completed and approved within the correct timelines
• complete a post-travel report on the School Staff Travel Applications (staff login required) page
• ensure staffing arrangements are sufficient in the event of an emergency
• ensure excursion planning and risk management planning considers the school’s child safety responsibilities. This is especially important if there are any times where students are not under the direct supervision of school staff (such as homestay arrangements). For more information refer to Child Safe Standards.

Schools should also:

• ensure there are appropriate contingency funds available for staff on the excursion to access in the event of an emergency
• develop a communications plan, including assigning a designated school contact
• conduct a pre-trip briefing for staff, students and the parents/carers of students attending the excursion.

DFAT travel advice

Schools must confirm that the locations and activities planned comply with any current Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade travel advice. Risk and emergency management plans must be developed in consideration of the location, students, activities planned, types of travel undertaken and any relevant advice from DFAT.

The Smartraveller website is the DFAT travel advisory and consular assistance service. This site also provides useful travel information and tips. Before travelling overseas, schools should check the Smartraveller website to ensure that they have the most up-to-date travel advice for the proposed countries and locations to be visited.

Schools planning and conducting overseas excursions must ensure that they:

• comply with any DFAT travel advice current for the proposed location
• subscribe to receive automatic travel advice updates from the Smartraveller website both prior to the excursion and when overseas
• review their risk assessment if there are any changes to the DFAT travel advice. This will require the principal to consider whether there is a need to cancel, recall or alter excursion arrangements.

This section describes the 4 levels of DFAT travel advice with the required actions and considerations:

• Level 1: Exercise normal safety precautions.
• Level 2: ‘Exercise a high degree of caution’ – requires additional attention to planning and assessment of risk.
• Level 3: ‘Reconsider your need to travel' – would generally mean excursions should be postponed or cancelled as the educational goals are unlikely to justify the risks. Any decision to continue would require consultation with the Security and Emergency Management Division (emergency.management@education.vic.gov.au), a detailed risk assessment and treatment plan together with detailed contingency planning.
• Level 4: ‘Do not travel' – principals must cancel or postpone the excursion.

For a sample overseas travel risk register refer to: Sample Overseas Travel Risk Register (staff login required).

Travel insurance for overseas excursions

All students and staff must take out travel and medical insurance for the entire overseas trip. Where possible, it is recommended all staff and students travelling overseas are covered by the same insurance provider. This makes it easier to manage multiple claims within a group.

It is strongly recommended that staff and students take out insurance cover directly and not via a tour operator. This ensures that insurance coverage has been obtained as required (there have been past instances where tour operators have accepted pre-payments on account of insurance but failed to take out the insurance as promised leaving staff and students uninsured).

Before taking out any insurance cover, staff and families of student travellers should ensure they:

• consider whether or not the insurance cover excludes events that may disrupt travel plans such as pandemics, wars, storms, floods, and strikes
• make an independent assessment of whether or not the level of cover provided is appropriate for their needs.

For information regarding insurance coverage for travellers who are diagnosed as COVID-19 positive, please refer to the guidance on insurance policies – 2.4 Travel insurance for teachers and students at Insurance for Schools.

The department strongly recommends schools and students arrange travel insurance through the Victorian Managed Insurance Authority (VMIA). The department has arranged a cost-effective travel insurance facility for students and accompanying teachers on international excursions which provides generally broader cover than most commercial insurers.

Travel insurance purchased through VMIA also provides the travellers access to AHI Assist, a 24/7 medical assistance company and emergency hotline, which includes services such as:

• immediate access to doctors and nurses
• case management if hospitalised
• assistance in replacing a lost or stolen passport
• legal assistance
• the arrangement for transport by road, aircraft or special air ambulance to an appropriate medical centre if this is required for treatment, accompanied if necessary by a doctor or nurse
• arrangements for evacuation and transportation home if necessary
• civil unrest evacuation
• natural disaster evacuation
• immediate access to safety and security experts.

Refer to Insurance for Schools for further information on VMIA travel insurance.

Documentation

The teacher in charge of the excursion must have access to the following documentation while overseas:

• front page (the photo page) of each participant’s passport and any visas
• medical information/relevant health management plans for all participants
• risk management plan
• emergency management plan (including details for in-country emergency assistance)
• Medical information form – camps and overseas excursions (DOCX)
• communications plan (if applicable)
• contact details of families
• contact details for students (if applicable)
• contact details for host school (if applicable)
• contact details for host families (if applicable)
• each student’s consent form (paper copy preferred)
• detailed itinerary
• details of travel insurance for all participants.

A copy of these documents must also be left at the school.

Contingency funds

Teachers accompanying students on overseas excursions should have access to sufficient contingency funds provided by the school to be used in the event of an emergency. Contingency funds must be approved by school council.

Travel forecast

Forecasting travel is crucial in managing the operational risks associated with travel.

All school-based staff intending to travel representing the department must notify the department of this travel via completion of a travel forecast form, at least 6 months before travel is scheduled to occur.

Schools must submit a travel forecast using the School Travel Forecast form (staff login required) on the department’s intranet.

Travel application process

Schools must read the department’s Travel policy including the Travel Rules of Use – School-based Staff before completing a travel application.

Schools must complete the DE School Staff Travel Application form located on the School Staff Travel Applications (staff login required) intranet page. The DE Travel Tracker – Admin/User Guide is a useful resource throughout the application process.

International travel applications must be completed at least three weeks advance.

The information included in the travel application will be reviewed by the region’s travel registrar and will determine whether the travel is approved by the regional director. The application is then forwarded to the central travel registrar for a quality assurance check and approval by the Assistant Deputy Secretary, Schools and Regional Services.

For further details regarding the travel application form, please contact your region’s travel registrar.

Communications

When conducting an overseas excursion, a communications plan should be developed. This should consider the type of communication, the responsible party, timing of communication in response to a variety of situations (including emergencies).

Any overseas excursion must have a teacher in charge, who is the central point of contact for the group on the excursion. It is also recommended that schools assign a designated school contact. This should be a senior staff member who is not travelling with the group and can be contacted in the event of an emergency. The designated school contact should be used as a key liaison between the travelling group and the department, parents/carers and the school community.

Pre-trip briefing

Schools should undertake a pre-trip briefing for students attending the overseas excursion and their parents.

Attention should be given to the following topics:

• educational purpose
• code of conduct for students while on the trip
• cultural considerations
• emergency response procedures (including communications)
• risks associated with specific activities
• logistics
• travel SIM cards
• passports/visas and security measures
• money
• recommended packing lists (including weather considerations).

Post-travel reporting

Upon return of the overseas trip, a staff travel report must be submitted to the regional travel registrar to within 14 days of return from trip. The template for the travel report can be found on the School Staff Travel Applications (staff login required) intranet page. The completed report musty be uploaded to the existing online form. Change the tracking status to: 'Submit Travel Report' and assign to your regional travel registrar. Please refer to the department's Travel policy for further details.

Using third-party providers

Many schools engage third party providers (tour operators) to organise and facilitate overseas experiences for students. These tour operators provide unique travel experiences and manage many of the logistics and administrative burden that would otherwise be placed on schools. Note that the department does not recommend using tour operators to obtain travel insurance – refer to the section above headed Travel insurance for overseas excursions.

It is important to remember that engaging a tour operator does not fully transfer duty of care and schools will still need to take reasonable steps to reduce foreseeable risk by following all relevant aspects of the Excursions policy.

Contracts

Before parents enter into any agreement with a tour operator to run all or part of an overseas experience, the school should consult with the department’s Legal Division.

The school must ensure that parents are made aware of the fact that the school bears no responsibility for any agreement entered into between parents and the tour operator. As the school is not a party to the agreement between parents and the tour operator, the school will not be liable for any loss or damage incurred by a parent as a result of a tour operator breaching the terms and conditions of an agreement. All queries or concerns about agreements with third-party providers should be directed to the department’s Legal Division via legal.services@education.vic.gov.au

Refunds

The principal and parents of students attending the trip organised by a tour operator must understand the terms or conditions in relation to cancellations, alterations/postponements, and refunds. Before any decision is made by the school to cancel a trip the school should contact the department’s Legal Division for advice on the implications of cancellation (including incurring cancellation fees or loss of coverage under the insurance policy.

If a tour operator cannot honour a booking or cancels a tour part-way through the tour, through no fault of the students attending the tour as planned, then any payments made in respect of that cancelled booking should be refunded. However, there is unlikely to be the ability to claim damages from the tour operator beyond the amount of the refund.

Travel Insurance

Tour operators often offer travel insurance as part of the travel package. The department strongly recommends against using tour operators to obtain insurance. Principals should refer to the guidance in the Travel insurance for overseas excursions section above and make arrangements for the school staff and students to be covered under VMIA.

Staffing and supervision

The supervision requirements set out in the Supervision chapter of these guidelines apply to overseas excursions. School staff must read this chapter carefully to ensure the staffing arrangements meet the policy requirements.

Tour operator or activity operator staff (external staff) can only be included in the overall staffing numbers for the excursion when they are on duty and available on the same basis as school staff. This means that when the external staff are ‘off duty’, or will not be with the school group (including flights), they cannot be included in the overall staff-student supervision requirements.

Risk assessment

Many tour operators who conduct overseas travel experiences for schools will complete and provide risk assessments to the school. However, the school must complete their own risk register for the excursion as part of the approval process and as set out in the Risk management planning chapter of these guidelines.

It is important that schools complete their own risk register in order to:

• ensure all risks are clearly identified
• ensure measures in place to manage the risks (controls and treatments) are consistent with relevant department policy
• ensure specific risks to students and staff (including but not limited to risks associated with having external staff supervising the excursion) are addressed.

Schools should consider drawing upon the advice in the tour operator risk assessment when identifying controls or treatments for specific risks.

Staff should also familiarise themselves with the emergency management procedures of the tour operator to ensure they complement the school’s excursion emergency management plan.

Medical information form – camps and overseas excursions

The Medical information form – camps and overseas excursions (DOCX) must be completed by a parent or carer prior to their child going on camp or an overseas excursion. The information on this form will be used if a child requires medical assistance while on camp or overseas. The information on this form must be current at the time of the camp or overseas excursion.

Designated school contact

Some tour operators may have a dedicated emergency support hotline or contact person. However, the school must still have a designated contact person in the event of an emergency as per the requirements set out in the Emergency or critical incident management chapter of these guidelines.

Adventure activities

The following information is additional to the requirements relating to all excursions. Mandatory guidelines are also provided in relation to specific adventure activities, under each activity name below.

An adventure activity is an activity that involves greater than normal risk which may include:

• physical activities beyond the scope of the regular physical education curriculum
• travel into a relatively undeveloped area of the country in which vehicle contact is difficult and/or uncertain
• confrontation with natural environmental challenges requiring greater reliance upon personal resources than would normally be required in day-to-day life
• less than normal contact by person or by telephone, with medical and other public services available in normal day-to-day life
• exposure to the natural elements with less than the normal physical protection provided in day-to-day life
• theme parks, fun parks and trampoline centres
• the use and operation of amusement rides, attractions or fireworks via engagement of a third-party operator at non-public (that is, enrolled students only) events on non-school sites (for example, hiring a jumping castle to be operated at a local park). Schools must also follow the Amusement Rides, Attractions and Fireworks Policy
• an activity listed under the adventure activities guidelines, outlined below.

If a principal does not have detailed knowledge of an adventure activity as listed in the adventure activities guidelines below, it is recommended that further information and advice is sought from:

• activity peak bodies (see activity specific guidelines)
• teachers or other qualified person with recent experience instructing the activity, who can offer an understanding of both the technical requirements and the educational context.

Pre-activity check statement

Prior to any adventure activity, the teacher-in-charge of the activity must undertake a pre-activity check (refer to Pre-activity check template (DOCX)). The pre-activity check aims to identify any reasonably foreseeable issues that could possibly affect the planned activity negatively particularly in regards to the safety of the participants and staff.

A pre-activity check must establish the:

• current weather, warnings and forecast conditions
• fire danger rating and current fire conditions and warnings
• conditions and nature of the environment in which the activity is being undertaken and the impact on the activity
• psychological and physical health and wellbeing of participants and staff on the activity
• condition of the activity specific and safety equipment being used in conducting of the activity, for example, helmets, life jackets, bikes.

A decision to proceed with the activity, modify it, cancel it or implement contingency plans should be made based on the pre-activity check and any issues that could reasonably be considered to negatively affect the activity and/ or the health and wellbeing of the participants and staff.

Adventure activity guidelines

The safe running of outdoor and adventure activities requires:

• appropriate planning
• the identification of potential risks and difficulties
• active decision making.

These adventure activity guidelines are for developing a risk register specific to the location, activity and group participating. They support teachers’ professional judgement and experience. These may be incorporated into the risk register for the overall excursion or developed separately, using the risk registers available on the Resources tab – under Activity Specific Risk Registers.

If the excursion has an overnight camping component, the camping guidelines apply in addition to any planned specific activities. The length and difficulty of an overnight route should be selected so that groups generally arrive at the camp well before dark, with sufficient energy left to make camp and prepare a meal. This may not, however, be appropriate in all situations, for example, when it is preferable to walk at cooler times of the day.

These adventure activity guidelines are agreed minimum activity standards for adventure operators and they do not necessarily reflect the greater duty of care owed to students.

Specific activities guidelines

• Abseiling (DOCX)
• Artificial climbing and abseiling walls (DOCX)
• Bushwalking (DOCX)
• Camping (DOCX)
• Canoeing/kayaking (DOCX)
• Challenge ropes courses (DOCX)
• Cycling (including Bicycle Education) (DOCX)
• Horse riding (DOCX)
• Orienteering (DOCX)
• Rafting (DOCX)
• Rock climbing (DOCX)
• Sailing (DOCX)
• Scuba diving (DOCX)
• Sea kayaking (DOCX)
• Snorkelling (DOCX)
• Snow activities (DOCX)
• Surfing and stand-up paddle boarding (DOCX)
• Swimming and water-based activities (DOCX)
• Water skiing (DOCX)
• Windsurfing (DOCX)

Intra-school swimming carnivals (students from one school only)

Guidance on interschool swimming carnivals will be added shortly. Please contact the School Operations and Governance Unit for advice in the meantime at: community.stakeholders@education.vic.gov.au

Guidance on ratios and supervision for intra-school swimming carnivals

Supervision ratios for swimming activities must be calculated based on the maximum number of students in the water at any one time, using the ratios outlined in the Swimming and water-based activities guidelines (DOCX). When calculating supervision requirements for intra-school swimming carnivals, schools should refer to the supervision guidelines for recreational swimming.

Only students participating in a swimming event should be allowed to enter the water during that event. Standard excursion supervision ratios apply for students who are not participating in swimming activities/entering the water.

Prior to a swimming carnival being held, the teacher in charge of the excursion must undertake the department’s Excursions Learning Module located in eduPay (staff login required).

Schools must undertake a risk assessment for the student cohort (including students not entering the water) and the location, with consideration given to:

• environment/venue/water conditions
• rescue equipment on site
• ability and experience of students/swimmers prior to conducting any swimming/recreational activity
• swimming experience and qualifications (that is, first aid) of staff in attendance.

For further information about qualifications and supervision refer to the guidelines for recreational swimming in the Swimming and water-based activities guidelines (DOCX).

Adventure activities without guidelines

Schools may consider adventure-based activities for which specific guidelines have not been provided. A thorough risk assessment is critical when undertaking an activity for which guidelines have not been provided.

For these activities schools need to comply with the Australian Adventure Activity Standards, and consider the duty of care that is required for students.

Before undertaking these activities, principals must satisfy themselves that the activities:

• are of educational value
• are supervised and instructed by appropriately experienced and/or qualified staff
• have appropriate insurance cover, including when offered by an external provider.

Further information and advice should be gathered from more than one source such as:

• peak bodies
• professional associations
• colleagues with experience instructing the activity with students.

Flying foxes

Flying foxes are covered under the Challenge Ropes Course Guidelines (DOCX).

Caving

Caving activities must only be conducted under the following circumstances:

• novices must only attempt the simplest caves
• only teachers and other adults with extensive caving experience lead and supervise students
• there is a ratio of no more than five students to one instructor
• permission to enter caves is obtained from the appropriate land manager.

Flying or hot air ballooning

Only commercial operators licensed to carry passengers can be used for school organised activities.

Unsuitable activities

These activities are unsuitable for school students because of the potential risks involved:

• bungee jumping
• hang gliding or other gliding activities
• parachuting or skydiving
• flying ultra-light aircraft.

Resources

Local school policy

A downloadable excursions policy template for Victorian government schools is available on the department’s School Policy Templates Portal – Camps and Excursions (including local excursions) (staff login required). Schools can modify the template to suit their local circumstances.

Excursions e-learning module

From 15 December 2022 onwards, school staff with primary responsibility for organising a school camp and/or water-based activity must have completed the mandatory excursions e-learning module. These staff are encouraged to complete the module annually. Staff responsible for organising excursions of any other type are also encouraged to complete the module. The module is located in eduPay.

Forms

The forms below have been developed by the department to ensure that schools’ legal obligations with regard to the duty of care towards students are met.

Schools are not required to use these exact forms if they have other communication methods for seeking consent and collecting information for excursions. However, schools should ensure that they do not make substantive modifications to the key information, or remove questions contained in these forms, without seeking advice from the department’s Legal Division.

• Local excursion annual consent form (DOCX) (staff login required)
• Sample local excursions notification (DOCX) (staff login required)
• Parent excursion consent form (DOCX)
• Medical information form – day excursions (DOCX)
• Medical information form – camps and overseas excursions (DOCX)
• Confidential medical history form for introductory scuba experience (DOCX)

Schools are also reminded that privacy legislation covers the collection of personal information by schools. Further information about the collection of personal information may be found at Privacy and Information Sharing.

Planning documentation

These documents have been developed to assist in the planning of excursions

• Summary of excursion documentation (DOCX) – when planning your excursion, use this summary to make sure you have met the minimum documentation requirements
• Excursions – principal approval form (DOCX) – this must be completed and submitted to the principal for all overnight, adventure activities, interstate, overseas excursions or travel by air or water
• Camps, excursions, swimming and water-based activity checklist (DOCX) – checklist in line with department policy to assist staff and principals in planning excursions
• Pre-activity check (DOCX) – suggested template for completion of the pre-activity check, a compulsory on the day check before embarking on any adventure activity
• Documentation of participant preparation, prerequisite skills/knowledge (DOC) – when conducting adventure activities, students’ experience, skills and preparation pertaining to the activity must be documented in this form
• Documentation of staff qualifications and experience (DOCX) – when conducting adventure activities, staff qualifications and experience (including external providers) pertaining to the activity must be documented in this form
• Clothing and equipment list (general) (DOC) – sample clothing/equipment list to be adapted by the school relevant to the activity undertaken
• Sample emergency response procedures (DOCX) – a tool to support schools in developing their emergency management plan
• Communications plan template (DOCX) – suggested template for communications plans for overnight, overseas, interstate excursions or adventure activities
• Guide to equivalent qualifications and experience for adventure activities (DOCX) – to assist schools with planning excursions to ensure that staff are appropriately qualified to lead adventure activities

Risk management tools

• Risk assessment for local excursions (DOCX) (staff login required) – template for compulsory risk assessment for local excursions
• Excursions risk register and emergency management plan template (DOCX) – risk register template mandatory for all day, overnight, adventure activities, interstate, overseas excursions or travel by air or water. This includes examples and a template for the emergency management plan. A blank version of this template is also available for use – blank excursion risk register and emergency management plan template (DOCX)
• Sample overseas travel risk register (DOC) – sample risk register for overseas excursions
• Risk analysis tools (DOC) – understand how the department’s risk rating matrix works
• Department of Education Risk Management Framework (PDF) (staff login required) – this document outlines the department’s approach to risk management. It defines our risk management process, model, appetite, training, reporting and establishes the responsibilities for implementation
• Department of Education Risk Management Framework (DOCX) (staff login required) – accessible version
• Risk management in schools – the department’s risk management policy and guidance for schools

Activity specific risk registers

Schools may use the below risk registers, developed for specific activities. School must tailor these risk registers to the individual circumstances of their activity and participating group. For guidance on specific activities, see the Guidance tab.

• Abseiling (DOCX)
• Artificial climbing and abseiling walls (DOCX)
• Bush walking (DOCX)
• Camping (DOCX)
• Canoeing and kayaking (DOCX)
• Challenge ropes courses (DOCX)
• Cycling (DOCX)
• Horse riding (DOCX)
• Orienteering (DOCX)
• Rafting (DOCX)
• Rock climbing (DOCX)
• Sailing (DOCX)
• SCUBA diving (DOCX)
• Sea kayaking (DOCX)
• Snorkelling (DOCX)
• Snow activities (DOCX)
• Surfing and paddle boarding (DOCX)
• Swimming and water-based activities (DOCX)
• Water skiing (DOCX)
• Windsurfing (DOCX)

External information resources

• Ambulance Victoria
• Asthma Australia
• Australian Adventure Activity Standards
• Australian Camps Association (ACA)
• Bureau of Meteorology Telephone Weather Services Directory
• Bus Association of Victoria
• Council of Professional Teaching Associations of Victoria
• Country Fire Authority
• Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning
• Equip Wilderness First Aid Institute
• Life Saving Victoria
• Marine and Ocean for coastal waters forecast and observations
• MetEye
• Metropolitan Fire Brigade
• Outdoors Victoria
• Parks Victoria
• Red Cross
• St Johns Ambulance (Victoria)
• State Emergency Service
• SunSmart
• Transport Safety Victoria — Maritime Safety
• VicEmergency
• VicRoads
• Victoria Police
• Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority
• Victorian Institute of Teaching
• WorkSafe (Victoria)